Tuberculosis history

Tuberculosis History,

Consumption, phthisis, scrofula, Pott's disease, and the White

Plague are all terms used to refer to tuberculosis history.

Although it is estimated, to have existed 15,000, and 20,000,

years, it is generally accepted that the microorganism,

originated, from other, more primitive organisms, of the same

genus, Mycobacterium.

It is believed, that at some point, in its evolution, some

species, of the bacteria, was able, to invade animal hosts.

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Tuberculosois

This possibly, took place, with the first species,

Mycobacterium bovis, which is considered, by most, to be the

oldest of the species, that make up the Mycobacterium

tuberculosis complex.

M. bovis eventually, passed to humans, at a time coinciding,

with the domestication, of animals.

Human bones, from the Neolithic, show a presence, of the

bacteria, it is estimated, that it reached its peak ,

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Human Bones

(with regard to the percentage, of the population, affected)

between,the beginning,

18th century, and the end, of the 19th,century.

Over time, the various cultures, of the world, gave the illness,

different names: yaksma, (India), phthisis, (Greek),

consumptione, (Latin), and chaky oncay, (Incan),

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Mortality rate

each of them, make reference,

to the "drying" or "consuming" affect, of the illness, cachexia.

Its high, mortality, rate, among middle-aged adults, and the

surge, of Romanticism,

which stressed, feeling, over reason,

caused, many to refer to the disease, as the "romantic disease."

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Drug resistant strains

Tuberculosis resurgence,

Hopes, that the disease, could be completely, eliminated,

were dashed, in the 1980s, with the rise, of drug-resistant,

strains.

TB cases in Britain, numbering around 117,000 in 1913,

had fallen to around 5,000 in 1987,but cases, rose again,

reaching, 6,300, in 2000, and 7,600, cases, in 2005.

Due to the elimination of public health facilities,

New York,

and the emergence, of HIV, there was a resurgence, of TB,

in the late 1980s.

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Multidrug- Resistant

The number, of patients, failing, to complete,

their course, of drugs, is high.

New York, had to cope, with more than 20,000, TB, patients,

with multidrug-resistant, strains,

(resistant to, at least, both Rifampin and Isoniazid).

In response, to the resurgence, of tuberculosis, the World

Health Organization, issued a declaration, of a global, health

emergency, in 1993.

Every year, nearly half a million, new cases,

of multidrug-resistant, tuberculosis ,(MDR-TB),

are estimated to occur worldwide.