Colon cancer

Colon cancer, is confined, within the walls, of the colon,

is curable, with surgery, and chemotherapy,

Cancer, that spreads, to other, sites, is usually, not, curable,

If untreated, they spread, to regional, lymph, nodes, where up

to 73% are curable, by surgery, and chemotherapy,

chemotherapy, can extend survival, and in rare, cases, surgery,

and chemotherapy, together have seen, patients, cured,

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mutation

cancer, starts, with a mutation, to the Wnt, signaling,

pathway,

When Wnt, binds, to a receptor, on the cell, that sets,

in motion, a chain, of molecular, events, that ends,

moving, into the nucleus, and activating, genes, on DNA,

In colon, cancer, genes, along, this chain, are damaged,

Usually, genes, called, APC,which are "brakes", on the Wnt,

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Pathway damaged

pathway,damaged,

Without, a working, APC, brakes, the Wnt, pathway,is stuck,

in the "on" position,

Blood, tests, Measurement, of the patient's, blood,

for elevated, levels, of certain, proteins, can give,

an indication, of Colon, cancer,

the blood, can indicate, metastasis, of adenocarcinoma,

TIMP1, is particularly, helpful, as a marker, for early,

identification, of colon, cancer,

Colon cancer

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Advanced stage

cancer, does, not, always, present, symptoms,

in its early, stages,

cancer, symptoms, usually, do not, appear, until, the disease,

has, progressed, to an advanced, stage,

Risk, factors, of cancer, depend, upon one’s, genetics,

and lifestyle,

Since, cancer, is caused, by malignant, tumors,

the complete, removal, of these cancer, cells, through,

traditional, and laser, surgery, are typical, treatments,

Treatment, options, for, cancer, depend, on the stage,

of tumor,

how far, it has spread, or how deeply, it is affecting,

the intestinal, wall,

and other, tissues, as well, as whether, it is located,

in the colon, or rectum,

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People over 50

People, over 50, also should, have an annual, stool, sample,

test, for hidden, bleeding, and a colonoscopy,

(in which a lighted, viewing, tube, is used to examine,

the colon,) every, three, to five years,

Blood, in the stool, is a common, sign, of tumor,

The large, intestine, is made up of the colon,

(the upper, five, to six, feet,) and the rectum,

(the last six, to eight, inches),

This is where, the last, stage, of digestion, occurs,

and where, solid, waste, is held, until, it is released,

colon-cancer, strike, a person, above ,the age, of 50 years,

Polyps , — are abnormal, growths, that protrude, from

the inner, wall, of the colon, or rectum,

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